Sanitation and Environmental Protection

<p>The project aims to provide solutions to the problems of interruption of navigation on Oubangui River, tributary of the Congo River in the region of Central Africa. This is particularly the case during periods of low water levels, and the supply of electricity to the Central African Republic (CAR), North Congo and the Congo. DRC, through the construction of a Oubangui flow control and power generation dam at the Palambo site, is about 60 km upstream from Bangui.</p>

<p>The characteristics of the scenario chosen among the solutions proposed by SOGREAH in 1990 were as follows:</p>

<ul>
<li>Normal retention rating of 361 m;</li>
<li>Height of the dam of approximately 18 m;</li>
<li>Area of 606 x106 m 2;</li>
<li>Length of approximately 1,200 m;</li>
<li>Minimum downstream flow to reach at Zinga, about 70 km downstream from Bangui of 920 m3 / s;</li>
<li>Storage volume of 2,370 million m3;</li>
<li>Power generation of 30 MW;</li>
<li>Number of groups of 4 bulbs (unit flow: 94 m3 / s).</li>
</ul>

<p>~~The first-phase of the multi-phase Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP) entailed the construction of Katse Dam, Mohale Dams, Matsoku Diversion Tunnel and the Muela hydropower station.  Lesotho benefits from a sustainable, independent energy supply for Lesotho that will meet the country"’s electricity requirements and royalty revenue from the project, while South Africa benefits from the security of supply of high quality water that is transferred into the Vaal River system for  domestic and industrial use in the Gauteng province.<br>
Phase II of the LHWP will be implemented in terms of two distinct components: a water delivery system to augment the delivery of water to South Africa and a hydropower generation system, which will increase the current electricity generation capacity in Lesotho.<br>
The program involves the construction of the Polihali Dam and the Transfer Tunnel in the Mokhotlong district and a hydropower scheme following the conclusion of a joint feasibility studies.<br>
As per the provisions of the Phase II Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Lesotho and the Republic of South Africa, the implementation of the Kobong Pump Storage scheme or any other hydro scheme was subject to the outcome of a joint feasibility studies. The technical and the economic feasibility studies for the Kobong Pump Storage scheme were completed in 2013. However, the outcome was that further studies should be undertaken. These  included, a market study, an integration study, geotechnical investigations and legal and commercial arrangements<br>
Lesotho secured funding from the World Bank to undertake the above studies, including convectional hydropower options. These studies are expected to be substantially complete by the end of August 2019 . The further feasiility studies have looked at pumped storage and conventional hydropower options. The decision was taken to defer the pump storage option (due to prevailing economic conditions) and advance the conventional options. This entails one site at Oxbow on MalibamatÅ¡o River and two sites on the Senqu River.   .<br>
The topography of the region allows for the possibility of developing a hydro-power generation in Lesotho in conjunction with the provision of water supplies to the RSA. For South Africa, construction of this dam and related infrastructure will guarantee the desired level of water availability in Gauteng and the Vaal River system in the most cost-effective manner.  In parallel with water conservation measures in the Vaal River, it will also influence the improvement of water quality amongst many benefits.  Phase II water delivery and hydropower generation are expected to be commissioned at the same time early in 2026, and the project close out is forecast for December 2028.</p>